- The deterioration of the mortar i

- The deterioration of the mortar is due to the dissolution of the activemicrocrystalline calcite, which then facilitates the circulation and crystallization of thesoluble salts and the related disintegration. More particularly, in the case of especiallyhard and durable mortar, incompatibility with the stones used for building directs thecirculation of salts to the stone and leads to random disintegration of the poroussandstone.In important buildings in the old city of Rhodes chiefly from the Byzantine theHospitaller and the Ottoman periods the mortar encountered in pointing and plastering is from different periods, because of the repairs and alterations that followed1.A number of variables affected the quality and appearance of mor tars thecalcimined limestone may have contained impurities such as clay, when used inconstructions lime was mixed with different materials or aggregates, to form mortar.Inert materials could be added to the pit when the lime was slaked. The aggregateswere necessary to temper to prevent it from cracking when it dried and shrank.Without the aggregates it was also likely that the lime would not be able to set at its core and would thus remain unsalable2.Ottoman mortar vary in color from gray to white depending on the inertmaterial employed as aggregate, which could range from sand to crushed brick topebbles and the strength of the mortar was also affected by the proportions of the ingredients3.Various materials were used as cement, i.e. binding substance mixed withaggregate to make mortar. Common clay, containing loam, was the first, and duringthe middle ages remained the most frequently used cement on the island for ordinarybuilding work. It should be noted here that a type of grey aluminous earth, locallyknown as patelia, is used even today to cover the flat roofs or domata. Hydrated lime was also well-known as cement in ancient times4. In larger buildings, or when it couldbe afforded, lime was mixed with sand as mortar. When active, the volcano on theisland Nisyros created a natural cement or pozzolana of exceptional quality. It wasmind on the islet of Yali, close to Nisyros, and is known in the Dodecanses asporcelain comes from Antimacheia on Kos. Like all pozzolanas, it is a hydraulic

- The deterioration of the mortar is due to the dissolution of the active
microcrystalline calcite, which then facilitates the circulation and crystallization of the
soluble salts and the related disintegration. More In particularly,-In the case ih of especially
hard and durable mortar, incompatibility with the stones used for building directs the
circulation of salts to the stone and leads to random disintegration of the porous
sandstone.
In important buildings-In the old city are of Rhodes chiefly from the Byzantine the
Hospitaller and the Ottoman periods the mortar encountered-In pointing and plastering is from different periods, because of the repairs and alterations that followed1.
A number of variables affected the quality and appearance of mor tars the
calcimined limestone may have contained impurities such as clay , when used-In
constructions of lime was mixed with different materials or aggregates, to form mortar.
Inert materials could be added to the pit when the of lime was slaked. The aggregates
were necessary to temper to prevent it from cracking when it dried and shrank.
Without the aggregates it was also likely that the of lime would not be able to set at its core and would thus remain unsalable2.
Ottoman mortar vary-In color from kilograys to white depending on the inert
material employed as aggregate, which could range from sand to crushed brick to
pebbles and the strength of the mortar was also affected by the proportions of the ingredients3.
Info Various materials were used as cement, ie binding substance mixed with
aggregate to make mortar. Clay Common, containing loam, was the first, and during
the middle ages remained the most frequently used cement on the island for ordinary
building work. Shouldnt be noted It here that a type of gray aluminous earth, locally
known as patelia, is used even today to cover the flat roofs or domata. Hydrated lime was also well-known as cement in ancient times4. Larger buildings In, or when it could
be afforded, of lime was mixed with sand as mortar. Active When, the volcano on the
island Nisyros created a natural cement or pozzolana of exceptional quality. It was It
mind on the islet of Yali, close to Nisyros, and is known as Dodecanses-In the
porcelain comes from Antimacheia on Kos. Like all pozzolanas, it is a hydraulic