Η περιπέτεια της κινητής τηλεφωνίας

Η περιπέτεια της κινητής τηλεφωνίας ξεκίνησε αμέσως μετά τον Β' Παγκόσμιο Πόλεμο, με τις πρώτες προσπάθειες των Σουηδών, Φιλανδών και Αμερικανών. Όμως, ως ληξιαρχική πράξη γέννησής της θεωρείται η 3η Απριλίου 1973.

Ήταν ένα μουντό ανοιξιάτικο πρωινό στη Νέα Υόρκη. Ο δόκτωρ Μάρτιν Κούπερ της Motorola, περπατώντας σ' ένα δρόμο της αμερικάνικης μεγαλούπολης ήξερε ότι έγραφε ιστορία. Στα δυο του χέρια κρατούσε μια συσκευή που έμοιαζε με φορητό ασύρματο. Είχε ύψος 25 εκατοστά και βάρος 900 γραμμάρια. Ήταν το πρώτο σύγχρονο κινητό τηλέφωνο με τον κωδικό MotorolaDynaTAC. Σχημάτισε τον αριθμό του βασικού ανταγωνιστή του, Τζόελ ΄Ενγκελ, που δούλευε για λογαριασμό της Bell Labs.

«Γεια σου Τζο, σου μιλάω από ένα αληθινό κινητό τηλέφωνο» του είπε. «Παρότι δεν είχαμε τις καλύτερες των σχέσεων, μου συμπεριφέρθηκε πολύ ευγενικά», δήλωσε χρόνια αργότερα ο Κούπερ σε μια συνέντευξή του. Η Bell πήρε τη ρεβάνς το 1978, κατασκευάζοντας το πρώτο δοκιμαστικό δίκτυο κινητής τηλεφωνίας, που ήταν αναγκαίο για την εξέλιξη και την εμπορική εκμετάλλευση του κινητού.

Το πρώτο αυτοματοποιημένο δίκτυο κινητής τηλεφωνίας λειτούργησε στις αρχές της δεκαετίας του '80 στη Σκανδιναβία. Μέχρι τα τέλη της δεκαετίας του '80 τα κινητά τηλέφωνα ήταν ογκώδη για να μεταφέρονται στην τσέπη κι έτσι ήταν εγκατεστημένα κυρίως σε αυτοκίνητα. Το πρώτο κινητό που έλαβε άδεια έγκρισης ήταν το μοντέλο της Μοτορόλα DynaTAC8000X. Υπήρξε η ναυαρχίδα των λεγόμενων κινητών πρώτης γενιάς (1G).

Στην αρχή της δεκαετίας του '90 άρχισε η απογείωση των κινητών τηλεφώνων, με την ψηφιοποίηση δικτύων (GSM) και συσκευών. Τα κινητά έγιναν μικρότερα (100-200 γραμμάρια), χωρούσαν στην παλάμη και έμπαιναν έστω και με δυσκολία στην τσέπη του χρήστη τους. Περάσαμε έτσι στα κινητά της δεύτερης γενιάς (2G), που παρείχαν και άλλες ευκολίες, όπως την αποστολή σύντομων γραπτών μηνυμάτων (SMS) και τη λήψη φωτογραφιών.

Στις αρχές του 21ου αιώνα ήλθαν τα κινητά τρίτης γενιάς (3G), με τις απεριόριστες δυνατότητες των πολυμέσων. Σήμερα, η διείσδυση του κινητού τηλεφώνου στον πλανήτη αυξάνεται με αλματώδεις ρυθμούς, ιδίως στις φτωχές χώρες του πλανήτη, όπως η Αφρική. Οι ενεργές συσκευές ξεπερνούν τα 6 δισεκατομμύρια, με την τάση να είναι ανοδική. Η νοτιοκορεατική εταιρεία Samsung, με μερίδιο αγοράς 23% (Δεκέμβριος 2012), κατέχει την πρώτη θέση στις πωλήσεις κινητών τηλεφώνων παγκοσμίως.



ΠΗΓΗ: http://www.sansimera.gr/articles/241#ixzz3Q0wNklgT

Αποτελέσματα (Αγγλικά) 1:

The adventure of telephony began immediately after World War II, with the first attempts of Swedes, Finns and Americans. However, as the birth certificate is considered the 3rd April 1973.It was a hazy spring morning in New York. Dr Martin Cooper of Motorola, walking in a street of the American big city knew that wrote history. In two of the hands clutching a device that resembled a portable wireless. Had a height of 25 cm and a weight of 900 grams. It was the first modern mobile phone with code MotorolaDynaTAC. He formed the number of basic competitor, Joel ΄Engkel, who was working on behalf of Bell Labs."Hi Joe, you speak of a true mobile phone ' said. "Although we didn't have the best of relationships, I behaved very politely," said years later, Cooper in an interview. Bell got the rematch in 1978, making the first test cellular network, that was necessary for the development and commercial exploitation of the mobile.The first automated cellular network worked at the beginning of the eighties in Scandinavia. Until the late 80s mobile phones were bulky to be carried in the Pocket so they were mainly installed in cars. The first cellphone that received license approval was the Motorola model DynaTAC8000X. There was the flagship of so-called Mobile first-generation (1 g).At the beginning of the 1990s began the take-off of mobile phones, with the digitisation of networks (GSM) and devices. Mobile became smaller (100-200 grams), they fit in the Palm and got even with difficulty in their user's pocket. We spent so mobile second generation (2 g), which provided and other conveniences, like the sending of short text messages (SMS) and taking pictures.At the beginning of the 21st century came the third generation mobile (3 g), with the unlimited possibilities of multimedia. Today, the penetration of the mobile phone on the planet grows rampant pace, especially in the poor countries of the world, such as Africa. The active devices in excess of 6 billion, with the tendency to be upward. The South Korean Samsung company, with a market share of 23% (December 2012), ranked first in sales of mobile phones worldwide.Source: http://www.sansimera.gr/articles/241#ixzz3Q0wNklgT

Αποτελέσματα (Αγγλικά) 2:

The adventure of mobile telephony began immediately after the Second World War, with the first attempts of Swedes, Finns and Americans. But as a registrar birth act considered the April 3, 1973. It was a hazy spring morning in New York. Dr Martin Cooper of Motorola, walking in a street of the American metropolis knew that wrote history. On both hands clutching a device that looked like a portable radio. Had height 25 cm and weight of 900 grams. It was the first modern mobile phone with MotorolaDynaTAC code. Formed a number of main competitor, Joel Engel, who was working on behalf of Bell Labs. "Hey Joe, I'm talking from a real phone" she said. "Although we did not have the best of relationships, I behaved very politely," said Cooper years later in an interview. The Bell took the rematch in 1978, making the first test mobile network, which was necessary for the development and commercialization of mobile. The first automatic mobile network operated in the early 80s in Scandinavia. By the end of the 80 mobile phones were bulky to be carried in the pocket so they were installed mainly in automobiles. The first cell received approval permission was the model of Motorola DynaTAC8000X. She was the flagship of the so-called first generation mobile (1G). In the early 90s began the takeoff of mobile phones, with the digitization of networks (GSM) and devices. Mobile were smaller (100-200 grams), could fit in the palm and entered albeit with difficulty in his pocket the user. We spent so mobile of the second generation (2G), provided other facilities like sending short text messages (SMS) and taking pictures. In the early 21th century came the third generation mobile (3G), with unlimited possibilities Multimedia. Today, the penetration of mobile phones in the world is growing at exponential rates, especially in poor countries of the world, such as Africa. The active devices exceed 6 billion, with the voltage is rising. The South Korean company Samsung, with a market share of 23% (December 2012), the leader in mobile phone sales worldwide. SOURCE: http://www.sansimera.gr/articles/241#ixzz3Q0wNklgT

Αποτελέσματα (Αγγλικά) 3:

The adventure of mobile telephony began immediately after the Second World War, with the first efforts of Swedes, Finns and Americans. However, as civil act of birth is considered the 3RD April 1973.

It was an unattractive spring breakfast in New York. Dr Martin Cooper of Motorola, walking in a street in American banishes knew that wrote history.In both hands he held a device that looked like a walkie-talkie. It was height of 25 cm and weight of 900 grams. It was the first modern mobile phone with the code MotorolaDynaTAC.Got the number of the main competitor, Joel ΄Ενγκελ, working on behalf of Bell Labs.: "Hello Joe, talking of a real mobile phone" said. "Although we do not have the best of relations,I was treated very kindly," he said years later Cooper in an interview. The Bell took the ρεβάνς in 1978, constructing the first trial mobile network,That was necessary for the development and commercial exploitation of the mobile.The first automated mobile network has worked in the early 80s in Scandinavia.By the end of the ' 80s the mobile phones were bulky to be carried in a pocket so it was installed in vehicles.The first mobile authorized approval was the model of Μοτορόλα DynaTAC8000X. It was the flagship of the so-called mobile first generation (1G) .C) at the beginning of the 90s began to take off the mobile phones.With the digitalization networks (GSM) and devices. The mobile were smaller (100-200 grams), fit in the palm and oing even with difficulty in the pocket of the user.So we had to swap the second generation (2G), which provided and other amenities, such as sending short text messages (SMS) and taking pictures.c) At the beginning of the 21st century came the mobile third generation (3G),With the limitless possibilities of multimedia. Today, the penetration of mobile phone on the planet increases with terrific rates, particularly in the poor countries of the world, such as Africa.The active devices exceed 6 billion, with a tendency to be upward. The νοτιοκορεατική company Samsung, with a market share of around 23% (December 2012), holds the first position in sales of mobile phones worldwide.



Source: http://www.sansimera.gr/articles/241#ixzz3Q0wNklgT