The Bell was born on March 3, 1847, in Edinburgh, Scotland and studied at the universities of Edinburgh and London. Moved to Canada in 1870 and the United States in 1871 where he began teaching deaf in the visible system (optical) speech. This system developed by his father, Alexander Melville Bell, shows how the lips, tongue, and throat used to articulate speech. In 1872 the Bell founded a school for the deaf and dumb in Boston, Massachusetts. The school subsequently became part of Boston University, where Bell was appointed professor of vocal physiology. Became an American citizen in 1882.
From the age of 18 o Bell worked on the idea of transmitting speech. In 1874, while working in a kind of telegraph, he developed the basic ideas for the telephone. In the summer of 1875 Bell making experiments with his assistant Thomas Watson observed that a steel plate when vibrating by different sounds affect the power of an electromagnet. Also noted that elsewhere in another electromagnet affected by these changes in power and in turn made another plate to vibrate. His experiments have proved ultimately successful on March 10, 1876, when the first complete sentence transmitted by phone: "Watson, come here, I want you." Subsequent demonstrations, particularly one in 1876 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, introduced the telephone in the world and led to the organization of the Bell telephone company in 1877. Other inventors also tried to create a communications device. Especially Antonio Meutsi, who invented an acoustic device in early 1870 and Elisha Gray submitted a patent application for the construction of the phone a few hours after Bell in Chicago.
In 1880, France confers on Bell the Volta Prize, which accompanied by a prize of 50,000 francs, for his invention. With this money he founded the Volta Laboratory in Washington, where the same time colleagues and he invented fotofono (photophone), which transmits speech by light rays.
The Bell was one of the founders of the National Geographic Society and served as chairman from 1896 until 1904. He also founded the journal Science in 1883.
After 1895 Bell's interest turned to aeronautics in which along with his colleagues created some interesting inventions. The Bell later continued his studies on the causes and heredity of deafness.
He died on August 2, 1922, in Baddeck, Canada where there is now a museum dedicated to the work and life.
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