In this phase of past data on the CTQ collected. Statistics, such as the sample mean (m), standard deviation (s) and capacity process, Cp and Cpk indices for each CTQ calculated. The average value is the simple average of the observations in a data set. The sample mean is determined by adding all the observations in a sample and dividing the number of observations in this sample. The standard deviation measures the variability of observations around the mean. It is equal to the positive square root of the variance. The variation also measures the fluctuations of observation around the waist. The larger the value, the greater the variation. The process capability index is a readily understandable overall measure of the goodness of process performance.
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